·        Paramecium Caudatum                            Video – 3

 

  Kingdom- Protista

         Phylum- Protozoa

                 Class- Ciliata

                       Order-Hymensotomatida

                                  Genus- Paramecium

                                       Species- Cautadum 

Ø  Paramecium was discovered by – Hill.

Ø  Also called slipper animalcule.

Ø  Body is covered flexible membrane called Pellicle.

Ø  Cilia in the posterior end are longer called Caudal tuft.

Ø  Each cilium arises from basal granule or kinetosome.

Ø  Trichocysts are peculiar bottle- shaped organelles present in the ectoplasm of Paramecium.

Ø  Paramecium is heterokayotic (dimorphic nuclei).

Ø  Macronucleus is one, Control vegetative function (Metabolism).

Ø  Micronuclei one in P. Caudatum, Two in P. aurelia, and several in P. multinucleatum, only concerned with reproduction.

Ø  Paramecium has two contractile vacuoles which perform Osmoregulation.

Ø  Oral apparatus consists of Cytostome and Cytopharyx

Ø  Nutrition of Paramecium is Holozoic.

Ø  The Cyclosis ensures that digested food material is distributed uniformly.

Ø  Egestion of undigested food takes place through Cytopyge.

Ø  Respiration and excretion through body surface.

Ø  Paramecium has kappa, Lamda, mu, and Pi particle.

Ø  Kappa particle are self- replicating cytoplasmic bodies containing DNA found in the killer strains of paramecium. These help in the synthesis of Paramecium or Killer substance which can kill the sensitive strains.

Ø  Kappa particle were discovered by T.H Sanneborn.